01 - Preheat oven to 350°F. Line an 8x8-inch baking pan with parchment paper, leaving an overhang on two sides for easy removal.
02 - Place the chopped dark chocolate and butter in a heatproof bowl. Set over a pot of barely simmering water (double boiler) or microwave in 30-second intervals, stirring between each, until completely melted and smooth. Let cool for 5 minutes.
03 - Add the granulated sugar and brown sugar to the chocolate mixture, whisking until glossy and well blended. Beat in the eggs one at a time, whisking thoroughly after each addition. Stir in the vanilla extract.
04 - Gently fold the sourdough starter into the batter using a rubber spatula, stirring until fully incorporated with no visible streaks.
05 - Sift the all-purpose flour, cocoa powder, and fine sea salt together into a separate bowl. Gradually fold the dry mixture into the wet batter, stirring gently until just combined. Avoid overmixing to keep the brownies tender.
06 - Pour the batter into the prepared baking pan and spread it into an even layer. Scatter the mini chocolate chips or candy-coated pieces over the surface, followed by an even layer of rainbow sprinkles.
07 - Bake on the center rack for 28 to 32 minutes, or until a toothpick inserted into the center comes out with moist crumbs clinging to it. For a fudgier texture, lean toward the shorter bake time.
08 - Transfer the pan to a wire rack and let the brownies cool completely in the pan. Once fully set, use the parchment overhang to lift the slab out and cut into 16 even squares.